DES MOINES, Iowa- The CDC says that simply knowing about the signs and symptoms of frostbite and hypothermia can help prevent extreme illness.

During cold temperatures, the body loses heat faster than it can be produced, according to the CDC. That’s why they recommend limiting time outdoors, or wearing warm clothing that covers the skin while outdoors.

Those who are most at risk of developing frostbite or hypothermia are:

• Older adults without proper food, clothing, or heating
• Babies sleeping in cold rooms
• People who drink alcohol in excess or take illicit drugs
• People who stay outside for long periods of time

The CDC says victims are usually unaware they have frostbite because their frozen tissues are numb. Signs of frostbite include:

• Redness or pain in any skin area
• White or grayish-yellow skin
• Skin that feels unusually firm or waxy
• Numbness

Hypothermia is a medical emergency that’s more serious than frostbite. Signs for adults include:

• Shivering
• Exhaustion
• Confusion
• Memory loss
• Slurred speech
• Drowsiness

Signs of hypothermia in babies and infants include:

• Bright red and cold skin
• Low energy

The CDC says it’s important to treat a person right away by removing any wet clothing and using blankets to warm them. They also say to call 911.

As a result of the cold temperatures, Polk County is continuing with its extreme temperature plan. Capacity limits have been lifted at homeless shelters in the area. Most libraries and community centers will be available as warming shelters, and DART buses will offer free rides to those designated shelters throughout Sunday and much of the week.